In the words of Al-Beruni, "Mahmud utterly ruined the prosperity of the country and performed those wonderful deeds by which the Hindus became like atoms of dust, scattered in all directions". Prof. Habib observes, "The worst enemies of Islam had been its own fanatical followers of which Mahmud was one. He showed to the philosophical Hindus the darker and the [...]
Mahmud was the third important Turkish ruler who is said to have invaded India seventeen times—the first being in 1000 A.D. on the frontier towns of India and the last being the most important invasion at Somnath Temple in 1025 A.D. Historians have given divergent views regarding the nature and objects of Mahmud's invasion. Greed for Wealth: Mahmud was very [...]
Ghazni was the capital of a large Turkish kingdom. Aptigin, a Turkish slave rose to become the ruler of Ghazni. After his death in 963, his slave and son-in-law Subaktigin seized power and conquered many regions around Ghazni. After his death in 997 his son Mahmud ascended the throne. image source: ibiblio.org/britishraj/Jackson5/img/p059KahibarPass.jpg His swift and decisive conquests of [...]